How to Get a Student Visa to the United States

Students who want to travel to the United States in order to study need to meet specific visa requirements. Other countries (UK, Canada, etc.) have different requirements that play an important role when deciding where to study English abroad. These student visa requirements may change from year to year. Types of Visas F-1 (student visa). The F-1 visa is for full-time students enrolled in an academic or language program. F-1 students may stay in the U.S. for the full length of their academic program, plus 60 days. F-1 students must maintain a full-time course load and complete their studies by the expiration date listed on the I-20 form. M-1 (student visa). The M-1 visa is for students who participate in vocational or other recognized nonacademic institutions, rather than language training programs. B (visitor visa). For short periods of study, such as a month at a language institute, a visitor visa (B) may be used. These courses do not count as credit toward a degree or academic certificate. Acceptance at a SEVP Approved School If you would like to study for a longer period of time, you must first apply and be accepted by a SEVP (Student and Exchange Visitor Progam) approved school. You can find out more about these schools at the Department of State Education USA website. After Acceptance Once you are accepted at  a SEVP-approved school, you will be enrolled in the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) — which also requires the payment of  a  SEVIS  I-901 fee of $200  at least three days before submitting your application for a U.S. visa. The school to which you have been accepted will provide you with a form I-20 to present to the consular officer at your visa interview. Who Should Apply If your course of study is more than 18 hours a week, you will need a student visa. If you are going to the U.S. primarily for tourism, but want to take a short course of study of less than 18 hours per week, you may be able to do so on a visitor visa. Waiting Time   There are several steps when applying. These steps may differ, depending on which U.S. embassy or consulate you choose for your application. Generally speaking, there is a three-stage process for obtaining a U.S. student visa: 1) Obtain an interview appointment 2) Take the interview 3) Get processed Allow six months for the entire process. Financial Considerations Students are also expected to show financial means to support themselves during their stay. Students are sometimes allowed to work part-time at the school they are attending. Student Visa Requirements Acceptance by university or learning institutionKnowledge of English language (usually established through TOEFL scores)Proof of financial resourcesProof of non-immigrant intent For more detailed information visit the US State Departments F-1 information page Tips Double check requirements at the consulate or embassy near you before beginning the process.Find out which school you would like to attend and make sure that it is SEVP-approved.Apply to the school you would like to attend before applying for a visa.Pay the SEVIS I-901 fee well before your visa Interview. Source Your 5 Steps to U.S. Study. EducationUSA.

Eating Disorders And Its Impact On Society - 1646 Words

Eating Disorders and Its Impact on Society Brett White Tallahassee Community College Psychology 1101 Michelle Peruche November 06, 2015 Abstract Eating disorders are very common in today’s society and can cause death if an intervention isn’t performed. While working in the hospital and being part of the wrestling team in high school I’ve witness several people with this disorder. Anorexia and bulimia are the most prevalent and generally are accompanied by another psychological disorder. Many individuals suffer from more than one disorder and almost half of people who have anorexia develop bulimia or bulimic patterns. Although there is no specific cause we do know that women are more likely to suffer from anorexia or bulimia. The key to fighting anorexia and bulimia is to identify who is at risk, identify the symptoms, identify the warning signs, and seek treatment. Eating Disorders and Its Impact on Society An eating disorder is an illness some people suffer from due to an obsession with food, body image, or weight. These people struggle to have control over their bodies even if it means making decision that affects their overall health. Having a severe disturbance in eating habits and related thoughts and emotions can lead to death. Eating disorders have the highest mortality rate of any mental illness according to Eating Disorder Statistics. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia are two of the most common types of eating disorders in the UnitedShow MoreRelatedEating Disorder Reflection Paper1341 Words   |  6 PagesReflection on impact of societal ideas on body image and eating disorder. Nah! you are not skinny enough, no one wants a fat guy or a girl, do not eat that you will never get skinny, sadly but truly we are consistently being reminded with phrases like these to pursue a socially accepted thin and trimmed figure. Eating disorders are chronic and serious illness that engages a person into severe irregular eating behaviors to satisfy their distress about maintaining a thin figure and low body weightRead MoreMapping the Issue: Eating Disorders Essay1225 Words   |  5 Pagesdevelopment of the media such as television, the internet, various fashion magazines and commercial advertisements, society focused more and more on personal appearances. Not only were runway models becoming slimmer but the viewers that watched and read about them were becoming more concerned with their weight. In the past fifty years the number of adolescent girls developing eating disorders increased just as television, advertisements, and magazines were becoming a social norm that was ea sily and oftenRead MoreThe Influence Of Media Reporting On Society s Perception Of Beauty1730 Words   |  7 Pagessociocultural factors contribute to the development of eating disorders as well as how society s perception of beauty has been distorted. This paper will further support the notion that societies perception of a female’s beauty is determined by their perceived body image, which in turn has a direct effect on teenage girls and plays a primary role in the development of eating disorders such as anorexia. There are two main types of eating disorders: anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. The term ‘anorexiaRead MoreThe Impact Of Media On Body Dysmorphic Disorder Essay1733 Words   |  7 Pagesbody of the model and not think much of it. But for those who suffer from Body Dysmorphic Disorder, this will affect them in a completely different way. Body Dysmorphic Disorder is â€Å"a body image disorder characterized by persistent and intrusive preoccupations with an imagined or slight defect in one’s appearance† (ADAA, 2014). The impact that advertisements can have on those suffering from Body Dysmorphic Disorder, can be crucial to their mental health. These individuals will begin to obsess over changingRead MorePsychopathology And Culture : The Epidemic Of Eating Disorders1396 Words   |  6 PagesThe Epidemic of Eating Disorders By: Bernadette Oldfield Dr. Van Arsdale Abnormal Psychology 6 May 2015 Throughout cultures, mental disorders vary immensely. In some cultures, certain disorders are considered taboo and not even recognized, in other cultures, the treatment of certain disorders varies, but the biggest thing that is different, is how certain disorders effect certain cultures and races less or more than others. This is something that happens in many disorders, but is alwaysRead MoreThe Psychological Effects Of Eating Disorders1324 Words   |  6 Pagesis that those are all influences leading to eating disorders. Women are strongly affected by eating disorders in North America. Many societal, cultural and physiological aspects contribute to the impact that eating disorders have upon women. Psychological aspect of eating disorder The psychological effect of eating disorders is one of, if not the most influential part of the development of an eating disorder. â€Å"Eating disorders are disorders of eating behaviors, associated thoughts, attitudes andRead MoreThe Media Is Responsible For The Increase Of Eating Disorders1452 Words   |  6 Pagesplays a role in today’s era. My research will study the influence of media on eating behaviors and the significant studies regarding this topic. My paper will also cover the outcomes of media portraying unhealthy body images, weight loss ads, and the influence of the internet encouraging eating disorders. Based on the research, it can be clear that the media is responsible for the increase of eating disorders in today’s society. Therefore, it is important to take counteractive measures and look into thisRead More Anorexia and Bulimia - A Threat to Society Essay994 Words   |  4 Pages In a society that discriminates against people, particularly women, who do not look slender, many people find they cannot - or think they cannot - meet societys standards through normal, healthy eating habits and often fall victim to eating disorders. Bulimia Nervosa, an example of an eating disorder that is characterized by a cycle of binge eating and purging, has become very common in our society. Although it generally affects women, men too are now coming to clinics with this kind of diseaseRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Elena Vanishing, By Elena Dunkle And Clare B. Dunkle1703 Words   |  7 PagesCritical Eating There are many different psychological illnesses in the world, each with different causes. While eating is an key function of life, some people may be doing harm to their body with their eating habits. Eating disorders occur when a person has a bad relationship with food and can be deadly. The book Elena Vanishing, by Elena Dunkle and Clare B. Dunkle, gives a better understanding of the background of eating disorders and many reviewers are impacted by the book’s vital message. ManyRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Girl s Self Image1112 Words   |  5 PagesBody image has become a huge issue in society today, with magazines such as Shape, Covergirl, Vogue, Seventeen, or celebrities such as Carrie Underwood, Jennifer Aniston, Angelina Jolie, or Kylie Jenner. Women, especially teenagers, find themselves thinking that they have to look like the model they saw in a magazine, or on social media. The media is greatly responsible for the growing of the â€Å"ideal† thin women. Statistics show that diet and weight control advertisement appear ten times more in women’s

Department Is Important In Performing Several †Free Samples

Question: Discuss About The Department Is Important In Performing Several? Answer: Introduction The Human Resource (HR) department is important in performing several functions. The department is tasked with monitoring the organizational culture, manages the talent recruitment process and managing the workforce. The HR director is tasked with providing leadership to the department. Possessing critical competencies in leadership, multitasking, and being ethical and discrete are important ideal skills expected of the director. Multitasking Multitasking is a critical skill that that requires engaging with different people and departments within an organization. The director will be engaged with his own department and staff, the senior management, board of directors and investors. Having the ability to effectively wear the correct hat at the right time is important while executing his diverse duties and roles (Fritz Guthrie, 2017). This requires in-depth knowledge of expectations of the various stakeholders the directors may engage with. Kirchberg, Roe Van Eerde (2015), state that this allows for engagement with speed and flexibility. Analytical skills go in tandem with the multitasking ability in order to make decisions touching on issues, requests and questions that will inundate the director on a daily basis. The analytical skill set will help the director to identify critical issues which demand their personal attention and those which can be delegated. Analyzing new organizational policies requires multitasking with different sections and departments with effective communication channels. Hilder (2011), states that multitasking is also a good measure of effective time management by simultaneous execution of different decisions within time that is limited. Leadership Leadership skills are important while creating strategic plans for the organizational workforce and the HR department. Lawler Boudreau (2015), state that leading by personal example sets the standard for the HR department which can then be used as the benchmark for excellence for the rest of the organization. Efficiencies gained in discharging duty in the HR department can be shared with the rest of the staff employed by the organization in order to improve productivity. Leadership is also important when a strategic plan is being implemented by the organization. The functional elements of the plan should need leadership in communicating the new paradigm and vision for the organization (Mayfield Mayfield, 2016). As a leader, the HR director will use personal skills sets of leadership as the champion of change, capability builder and internal organizational activist for the new strategic plan. Marler (2012) posits that this requires adopting a leadership style that is versatile and adaptable that links organizational performance with leadership. Discrete and Ethical Discretion is an important competence important when exercising freedom to make decisions within the constraints of authority (Catalin-Silviu, 2016). Issues that the director will face on a daily basis will require using personal discretion to make judgments that are appropriate. The judgment made should not adversely affect the employees or the organization. Ethical behavior is important in addressing dilemmas within the organization on a variety of issues. Elms, Brammer, Harris Phillips (2010), state that these include responsibility to the stakeholders and the organization based on moral values. Strategic plans affecting the corporate environment will also be affected by ethical behavior of the director. The role of the HR is important in an organization in providing leadership for the workforce both at the departmental and organizational levels. The HR director should ideally possess skill sets that allows for undertaking different tasks simultaneously. The leadership style of the director will help in actualizing organizational strategic plans. Ethical behavior and discretion will help the director make decisions that are moral, humane based on personal judgment. References C?t?lin-Silviu, S. (2016). Competence determined strictly by the law and the discretionary power of public administration. Juridical Tribune, Vol 6, Iss 2, Pp 247-251 (2016), (2), 247. Elms, H., Brammer, S., Harris, J. D., Phillips, R. A. (2010). New Directions in Strategic Management and Business Ethics. Business Ethics Quarterly, 20(3), 401. Fritz, M. R., Guthrie, K. L. (2017). Values clarification: Essential for leadership learning. Journal Of Leadership Education, 16(1), 47. Hilder, B. (2011). Essential Time Management : How to Become More Productive and Effective. London: Marshall Cavendish International [Asia] Pte Ltd. Kirchberg, D. M., Roe, R. A., Van Eerde, W. (2015). Polychronicity and Multitasking: A Diary Study at Work. Human Performance, 28(2), 112-136. doi:10.1080/08959285.2014.976706 Lawler, E. E., Boudreau, J. W. (2015). Global Trends in Human Resource Management : A Twenty-Year Analysis. Stanford, California: Stanford Business Books. Marler, J. H. (2012). Strategic Human Resource Management in Context: A Historical and Global Perspective. Academy Of Management Perspectives, 26(2), 6-11. Mayfield, M., Mayfield, J. (2016). The Effects of Leader Motivating Language Use on Employee Decision Making. International Journal Of Business Communication, 53(4), 465. doi:10.1177/2329488415572787

Knowledge Management in Modern Day Organization

Abstract The essay will focus on summarizing two articles that focus on the topic knowledge management. The essay introduces the topic by explaining the need fro organizations to have knowledge management mechanism.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Knowledge Management in Modern Day Organization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The introduction also explains why knowledge management is important in modern day professional management of organizations. Furthermore it also introduces the two type of knowledge: tacit knowledge, the type of knowledge acquired through experiences and explicit knowledge, the type of knowledge explained in books. It also explains why and how the organization leadership should be at the forefront in establishing knowledge management mechanism. Furthermore the role of employees, who should be actively involved in seeking as well as sharing it amongst themselves as well as with fellow employ ees, is clearly explained. The two articles clearly state the reasons why knowledge sharing is important for organizational success. Furthermore the role of leaders in the entire process clearly explained. However the articles fail to explain the process of gathering and classifying knowledge for easier utilization by organizations. Furthermore they only identify only one type of knowledge: tacit knowledge, thus ignoring other types of knowledge. Introduction Knowledge management is a growing discipline among organizational management experts (Davidson 1996). Reports indicate that organizational success does not only depend on the type on knowledge that organization have but also on how the organization manages and utilizes that knowledge. As such management professionals have to ensure that they create a knowledge data base for their organization. This knowledge library becomes a very valuable resource for all employees. If the knowledge management process is simple the organizatio n is assured success (Bontis 2002). Furthermore there are two main types of knowledge sources: professional gurus as well as knowledge in books. While it is easy to manage knowledge in books, professional gurus must be treated with respect so as to feel compelled to share the knowledge they have. Thus knowledge management becomes the key for organization success. Main Theme Knowledge management is the key to a successful organization in modern management. The way an organization manages its knowledge determines the level of success achievable. Efforts’ to manage knowledge in organizations are the functions of the organization leadership. Organizational managers need to deliberately devise efficient methods to gather as well as share relevant knowledge with all employees. Thus mean that there is need to create a user friendly information library fro organizations.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Furthermore employees have to take initiative to acquire knowledge from professionals’ experts especially retiring employees in a respectful way. This would ensure that the gurus feel respected enough and thus compelled to share the knowledge they have. Such forms of knowledge transfer ensure that both tacit and explicit knowledge is transferred for profitable utilization (Collins 2010). Strengths Knowledge management involves sharing available information with all the employees of the organization. This means that leaders must make a concerted efforts to ensure that all the knowledge that is require is available for use at the time and place where it is needed. Whereas knowledge sharing primarily the function of organization management. Employee must also be actively involved in the process. Employees have the responsibly to proactively tap in the tacit knowledge base existing in professional gurus. The need to respectfully search is exemplified i n the case of the two Indian brothers, Ram and Lakshman. While Ram was very respectful to the cruel king in requesting for knowledge Lakshman was rude. The result is that the cruel king was compelled to share his wisdom to Ram and ignored Lakashman. The act of managing knowledge involves the development of a clear process of sharing available information. The process involves having the necessary mechanism to ensure that knowledge spreads easily across the organization (Handzic 2007). This means that organization leadership has to organize for strategic meetings to download knowledge. The meetings will also involve employee sharing whatever knowledge they have to other employees. Weaknesses Existing knowledge must be sought. This literature does not highlight the effective ways to seek this knowledge. It also only identifies only one source of knowledge: retiring professionals. Furthermore, knowledge is not just useful to any situation in the organization. Effective knowledge manage ment also requires the classification of that knowledge into related genres (Seipel, 2005). In addition knowledge gathering is also an important part of the knowledge management process. Conclusion Any successful organization goes beyond the acquisition and use of the latest technological application to acquire the best human resource. The organization would not be successful if it does not provide its human resource with the right information to aid their professional undertakings. As such organizations must not only acquire relevant knowledge but also ensure that that knowledge is effectively distributed amongst employees. Furthermore employee must also be encouraged to share the knowledge they have with other employees. Organizations must also be able to tap in the knowledge that exist in retiring professionals’. These professional are among many other sources of knowledge’s that an organization can utilize.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Kno wledge Management in Modern Day Organization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More List of References Bontis, N. (2002) world congress on intellectual capital readings. Massachusetts: Butterworth-Heinemann Collins, H. M. (2002). Tacit and explicit knowledge . Chicago: University Of Chicago Press Davidson, Mike. (1996).The Transformation of Management, Massachusetts: Butterworth-Heinemann. Handzic, M. (2007). Socio-technical knowledge management: studies and initiatives. London: IGF Publishing Seipel, D. (2005). Applications of declarative programming and knowledge  Management. Berlin: Springer This essay on Knowledge Management in Modern Day Organization was written and submitted by user Jamari Salinas to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Ballard Power System

Ballard Power System is a world leader in developing and commercializing an alternate fuel source called proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell power systems. The main product of this corporation is the Ballard Fuel Cell, a zero-emission product that converts natural gas, methanol, or hydrogen fuel directly into electricity without combustion. Over the last several years, many large corporations including DaimlerChrysler, Honda, General Motors, Nissan, Hitachi, Volkswagen, Volvo, and GPU International have invested large amounts of money into the production of the Ballard Fuel Cell in an attempt to create â€Å"stationary electric power plants†, and â€Å"zero-emission vehicles†. The fuel cell was first developed in the 1960's by General Electric for NASA. It is now considered as a definite possibility for an alternative power source for the space program as the cost has become increasingly less expensive and the size of the fuel cell stacks have become increasing ly smaller. The possibilities and potential benefits of this technology are endless, but there are many challenges that must be overcome before hydrogen fuel cells will offer a competitive and realistic alternative for consumers. â€Å"Cost is the greatest challenge to fuel cell development and adaptation, and it is a factor in almost all other fuel cell challenges as well.† For example, some fuel cell designs operate by using expensive, †precious-metal catalysts†, and other materials that are costly but necessary in handling the extreme high temperatures that are created when converting hydrogen to a useable energy source. Another important technical challenge that Ballard and the auto manufactures are facing is the need to increase durability and dependability. The high temperature in the fuel cells creates a â€Å"material breakdown† and adversely affects operating lifetimes. PEM fuel cells must have effective water management systems to operate dependably and ... Free Essays on Ballard Power System Free Essays on Ballard Power System Ballard Power System is a world leader in developing and commercializing an alternate fuel source called proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell power systems. The main product of this corporation is the Ballard Fuel Cell, a zero-emission product that converts natural gas, methanol, or hydrogen fuel directly into electricity without combustion. Over the last several years, many large corporations including DaimlerChrysler, Honda, General Motors, Nissan, Hitachi, Volkswagen, Volvo, and GPU International have invested large amounts of money into the production of the Ballard Fuel Cell in an attempt to create â€Å"stationary electric power plants†, and â€Å"zero-emission vehicles†. The fuel cell was first developed in the 1960's by General Electric for NASA. It is now considered as a definite possibility for an alternative power source for the space program as the cost has become increasingly less expensive and the size of the fuel cell stacks have become increasing ly smaller. The possibilities and potential benefits of this technology are endless, but there are many challenges that must be overcome before hydrogen fuel cells will offer a competitive and realistic alternative for consumers. â€Å"Cost is the greatest challenge to fuel cell development and adaptation, and it is a factor in almost all other fuel cell challenges as well.† For example, some fuel cell designs operate by using expensive, †precious-metal catalysts†, and other materials that are costly but necessary in handling the extreme high temperatures that are created when converting hydrogen to a useable energy source. Another important technical challenge that Ballard and the auto manufactures are facing is the need to increase durability and dependability. The high temperature in the fuel cells creates a â€Å"material breakdown† and adversely affects operating lifetimes. PEM fuel cells must have effective water management systems to operate dependably and ...

Divorce through a childs eye

Divorce through a childs eye Introduction Children who are born and brought up in a family setup develop a special relationship with their parents. Each member of the family plays a critical role and a gap is recognized any time a certain member of the family is absent.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Divorce through a child’s eye specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Depending on the relationship agreements, the parents divide roles amongst themselves and children learn to live within the social class of their parents. Obviously, each of the family members would wish that the life trend continues forever, but sometimes, that may not be the case. A time may come when the behaviors of either of the parents change completely. The father, for example, may decide to become depressive and abscond from his duties. In such a case, the mother takes on the burden of caring for the whole family. If the father continues with the unimpressive behavio rs, the mother would become tired and seek for a divorce. Some cases have happened where the mother turns to live a reckless life that forces the man to resolve to divorce. The later is a rare occurrence; however, regardless of the cause of divorce, the children are the immensely affected victims. Children, especially those in their tender ages fail to understand why they can no longer live with both parents (Eisenhard, 2012). In this case, we have an interviewee who was a victim of divorced parents at the age of sixteen. The teenager was in denial since she could not believe or understand how she could just stop seeing her beloved dad. This paper will base its discussion on the interviewee’s answers to address the issue of divorce through the child’s eye. First impression of divorce in a child’s eye When life begins taking the other side of the coin, there is a lot of confusion. The interviewee started experiencing many unexplainable ill signs. The parents bega n trash talking each other, and each side of the family despised the other. The family members from the mothers said ill things about their father and the father’s family that despised her mother. The teenager was caught in confusion; she could not understand what was going on, neither could she tell whom to believe. At one point, the child watches his father sleeping with a cigarette in his mouth. This is a clear sign that her father was extremely depressed. On reporting the incidence to the mother, the innocent child gets blows the following morning. Her father is extremely mad such that he throws his shoe on her. This is a very disgusting scene and the interviewee indicates that the confusion affected her grades. Her grades dropped drastically during this period, and her emotions changed instantly. She could get mad at people easily and start quarrels with her siblings for no tangible reason. Form this point of view, it is evident that divorce is a scenario that brings in a lot of confusion, disbelieve and denial of the whole truth.Advertising Looking for term paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Family system theory and divorce The family system theory tries to bring out the exact relationship that exists between the family members. Each of the family members develops an interdependent relationship with the other. The relationships formed are so strong such that breaking the bonds proves to be very difficult (Bell, 2010). The interviewee indicates that she could have her mother’s family members talking ill of her father. Whether whatever the family members said was true or not, she could not believe them. The interviewee started seeing her father less often, and they could only meet in special places for some limited time. The divorce robbed the teenager of her beloved father. She really hoped that things would work out for her parents and they would get a long. The innocent teenager could not comprehend the fact that divorce meant total splitting of the family. However, despite the immerse interaction patterns that had formed between the family members, the mother could not settle for less. She could not get along with the infidelity of her partner, and she opted for a split family rather than a family of distress and agony. The interviewee mentioned that immediately after knowing that her parents were divorcing, she could not absorb the fact, and she kept on pushing the thought at the back of her mind. Her parents would fight at her sight and she kept on disbelieving what she saw. Although the interviewee found it difficult at first, she understood everything later on. After the divorce, each of the parents owned the teenager an explanation. The father had a story that defended him, and the mother had her side of the story. Finally, she had to settle on one truth, infidelity is what made her parents divorce. She is currently twenty years, and she can understand the agony that her mother underwent to seek refuge in divorce. Despite the fact that her parents divorced, she is happy for them because there is a lot of calmness and everyone is happy. Attachment theory and divorce As a family develops, strong emotional attachments form between the family members. Healthy emotional attachments between the family members enable the family to live happily. Parents who have a strong attachment to their families will work tirelessly to ensure they offer the best for the family. The children develop strong attachments with their parents, and as they grow, strong emotional relationships occur (Mercer, 2006). After the age of six months, children are able to identify and sensitively respond to their caregivers. As children grow, they seek protection from the people around them and thus build a special attachment with their caretakers. The children grow up believing in their parents, thinking about them, and expecting a lot f rom them.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Divorce through a child’s eye specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The divorce scenario caught the teenager in surprise. Throughout her life, she had developed a strong attachment with both parents. The teenager developed a separation anxiety because she actually lost a special attachment figure. At first, the interviewee could not believe that she could be a victim of divorced parents, but it really happened. With disbelieve, the interviewee’s grades dropped at first as her mind was preoccupied with the thought of her divorced parents. The interviewee had to develop an adaptive response, and she slowly gained back her confidence and developed increased strength that enabled her to score higher grades than before. The social life slowly changed and the interviewee felt like she would address her issues to her pals. As she grew, she developed a different perspe ctive of life. She grew up knowing that a marriage commitment ought to be taken seriously. From experience, the interviewee testified that individuals should understand that family splitting affects the entire life of the children. The interviewee was sixteen when the fateful incident happened, and four years down the line, she could comprehend everything. However, for her siblings who were very young when her parents divorced, it could take quite some time to comprehend everything that happened. Divorce and the social exchange theory The social exchange theory is very interesting as it explains the individuals’ interest in a family. The exchange theory states that individuals enter into relationships to reap maximum benefit and minimize the costs (Miller, 2005). In a family setup, the exchanges between the parties involved ought to be fair and balanced, thus enabling the involved parties to reap mutual benefits. The individuals in a family express behaviors that generate the greatest reward. According to behavioral psychologists, family members will repeat the gainful behaviors provided they reap the required fruits. The Unitarian economists state that human beings will research on the necessary information, and employ all behaviors needed to make rational decisions that would reap maximum benefit. However, in some cases, the more the individuals in a family receive the reward, the more the reward loses its value, and that is when relationships start becoming sour. The interviewee’s parents stated losing value of their relationship benefits when she was sixteen years old. The father could no longer find value in the intimate relationship with his wife, and thus he decided to become unfaithful. On the other hand, the mother weighed the benefits and costs associated with an unfaithful marriage, and of course, the costs outweighed the benefits. Probably, the father could no longer provide for the family as he did before. The attachment between the father, children, and his wife was lessened as compared to the early days when the father did not have a third party to attend. The woman could also encounter the risks and costs associated with contacting sexually transmitted infections if she continued to cling to the marriage.Advertising Looking for term paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There being no more benefits of confiding in the marriage, she opted for divorce. It took the teenager some time to comprehend the cost benefit analysis that made her mother settle for a divorce. It is after she reached her twenties that she understood the emotional sufferings that her mother underwent during those tough family moments. She is now contended and happy because regardless of the split family, everybody is living happily. Conclusion From the discussions, it is evident that children are greatly affected by their parents’ decision to divorce. However, it is necessary for people to take a stringent analysis of the underlying issue that forced one to seek for divorce before making judgments. Clinging to an unfaithful marriage would pave way to many life problems than resolving for a divorce. However, if possible, parents should always try as much as possible to keep their marriages. They should try to apply the utilitarian theory that requires couples to find out the necessary information of the behaviors that reap maximum benefits in the family union. Each of the family members should take actions that benefit the entire union. Divorce should be the last thing couples should settle for as it adversely affects the children as well as the parent who will be separated from their kids. As the interviewee stated, people who make marriage commitments should stick with the commitments since bridging the commitments affects the children as well as the entire community. References Bell, D.C. (2010). The dynamics of connection: How evolution and biology create care giving and attachment. Lanham, MD: Lexington. Eisenhard, T. (2012). The D-Word: Divorce through a childs eyes. Bloomington, IN: iUniverse. Mercer, J. (2006). Understanding attachment: Parenting, childcare, and emotional development. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers. Miller, K. (2005). Communication theories. New York: McGraw Hill.

Human Resource Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Human Resource Strategy - Essay Example What is strategic human resource management? Strategic human resource management can be considered to be the capability of an organisation to ensure that it has the right mix of talent and skill in order to meet its business objectives (Armstrong and Baron, 2002, p. 42). Holbeche (2001, p. 13) highlights strategic human resource management as a ‘focus on implementing strategic change and growing the skill base of the organisation to ensure that the organisation can compete effectively in the future.’ SHRM involves the recognition of the internal intelligence available at all levels of the organisation and creating processes to draw upon this knowledge. Communication ‘is at the heart of these processes (Brewster, 2000, p. 153). The author discusses Mintzberg’s observation that strategy involves planning ahead of time and making changes to the plan on the basis of real world situations. The ability of an organisation to alter its course is dependent on the abi lity of the culture to allow for internal flexibility. SHRM then is an attempt to link organisational strategy with human resource management and drawing from this effort, makes an attempt to provide direction to the functional areas on HRM. Salaman, Storey and Billsbury (2005, p. 5) view SHRM as a ‘repository of ways in which academics, consultants†¦ think about ways to change organisations’. SHRM then is the key to how business is run and people managed. Huber and Glick (1995, p. 297) highlight the importance of facilitating organisational learning as a means to understand and adjust to changing business environments. Organisations that are designed to allow two-way information flow to ‘reflect cultural values and economic perspectives of top management’. This is of particular relevance in a multinational corporation. Ready and Conger (2007) reiterate the role of talent development in providing company’s the competitive edge to stay in the mar ketplace. They believe that companies that create ‘talent factories’ have the right mix of ‘functionality and vitality’ to fill key positions as and when the need arises. Storey (2007, p. 79-80) foresees a risk to the study of human resource management claiming to be a strategic function in the absence of a ‘robust analytical framework’. Terms like knowledge management have not been proven on grounds of efficacy in gearing the business up for change. The author suggests that some part of the responsibilities can as well be transferred to departments like marketing for managing the communications and the HR department relegated to the purely administrative practices of yore. The traditional role of HRM as policy maker to guide people management is incomplete without a conscious alignment to business goals. Strategic HRM aims to utilise the capabilities of the workforce towards a unified goal. The match between employee talent, employee goals and business goals is the key to successful work organisation. The necessary ingredients for an effective Strategic HRM process are the learning processes to facilitate future strategy development and adaptation to changes in the business environment. Who takes responsibility for strategic HRM? Ivancevich (2004, p. 48) recognises the role of the leader in laying the foundation for strategic HRM. Functional specialists provide the framework to carry out effective talent management processes; individual team heads determine